Naxos Archaeological Museum - Mycenean Collection

From the large Mycenean city at Grotty and theman, with hands raised, in the shape of the Greek
extensive graveyards at Aplomata and Kamini weletter psi. The imagery may be depicting a
have finds of gold, seal rings and, chiefly, vesselspowerful sea demon (Nereus) or a hero
with inscribed decoration from the end of thetraditionally held to have descended to the depths
Mycenean period (Late Mycenean 111 C).of the sea (Theseus). In the Naxos style, since
Of the gold finds, it seems that the rosettesthe creatures in the spaces between the
were used to decorate clothing or shrouds, whilsttentacles of the octopus are confined to fishes
lions were also for decoration, probably ofand sea birds, the decoration suggests the depths
wooden pyxides. Among the vessels, and. veryof the sea and some mythical tree of the deep.
characteristic of the period, are theNaxiot pottery decoration of the Late Mycenean
'false-mouthed' amphorae and the water pitchersIII C phase, that is, from c. 1200 to 1050 BC, has
with sculpted snakes and a lateral 'spoon-shaped,been described as «the style of the ship
perforated '" spout'. The snakes are indicative ofowners of the island, after the manner of the
earth-cult offerings (libations poured to the dead).,palace style of Agamemnon of Mycenae pottery
Some of the vessels have simple decoration withdecoration no palace has so far been found on
undulating or straight bands hooks and spirals.Naxos. It would seem that the Aegean region,
However, a large group of vessels has decorationand Naxos in particular, was thriving commercially
based on the motif of the octopus, in manyduring this period and was in contact with other
varied forms, on most of the body and a part ofcentres of maritime trade.
the shoulder. This is known as the polypodic orThis prosperity is reflected in the finds from the
dense polypodic style of pottery decoration.tombs at Aplomata. These seem to have been
The spaces between the tentacles are decorateddirected towards the needs of a community
with a variety of subjects: free, abstract design,which flourished particularly in the years after
line decoration and plants and animals. In one case1200 BC, and which continued its trends towards
there is even a human form and mythical beings,Mycenean nature-worship. However, new
perhaps the earliest form of the Greek Pegasus.compositions and new subjects, of Eastern origin
Among the abstract designs the rhombus, thein spite of their Mycenean veneer, make their
pentagon, the rosette, representing the seaappearance. As a theme for pottery decoration,
anemone, wheels and spirals predominate. Amongthe octopus design evolved in Crete and
the subjects drawn from plants are thosesubsequently spread through the Aegean, with
suggested by palms, papyrus, ivy, the calyx ofRhodes as the central point. Even so, this design is
flowers, and particularly of the lotus.to be found fully developed and with an
The human form is encountered once only, andindisputable local character in Naxos (Late
then as a small supplementary subject on aMycenean Ill C). The Cyclades, especially Naxos,
'false-mouthed' amphora which has as its principaleventually became the centre for its production
decoration a large octopus. This is the form of aand distribution.